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Improved virus removal by high-basicity polyaluminum coagulants compared to commercially available aluminum-based coagulants
Title: | Improved virus removal by high-basicity polyaluminum coagulants compared to commercially available aluminum-based coagulants |
Authors: | Shirasaki, N. Browse this author →KAKEN DB | Matsushita, T. Browse this author | Matsui, Y. Browse this author | Oshiba, A. Browse this author | Marubayashi, T. Browse this author | Sato, S. Browse this author |
Keywords: | Aluminum hydrolyte species | Bacteriophages | Coagulation | Colloid charge density | Sulfate |
Issue Date: | 1-Jan-2014 |
Publisher: | Pergamon-elsevier science ltd |
Journal Title: | Water research |
Volume: | 48 |
Start Page: | 375 |
End Page: | 386 |
Publisher DOI: | 10.1016/j.watres.2013.09.052 |
PMID: | 24139360 |
Abstract: | We investigated the effects of basicity, sulfate content, and aluminum hydrolyte species on the ability of polyaluminum chloride (PACl) coagulants to remove F-specific RNA bacteriophages from river water at a pH range of 6-8. An increase in PACl basicity from 1.5 to 2.1 and the absence of sulfate led to a reduction of the amount of monomeric aluminum species (i.e., an increase of the total amount of polymeric aluminum and colloidal aluminum species) in the PACl, to an increase in the colloid charge density of the PACl, or to both and, as a result, to high virus removal efficiency. The efficiency of virus removal at around pH 8 observed with PACl-2.1c, a nonsulfated high-basicity PACl (basicity 2.1-2.2) with a high colloidal aluminum content, was larger than that observed with PACl-2.1b, a nonsulfated high-basicity PACl (basicity 2.1-2.2) with a high polymeric aluminum content. In contrast, although extremely high basicity PACls (e.g., PACl-2.7ns, basicity 2.7) effectively removed turbidity and UV260-absorbing natural organic matter and resulted in a very low residual aluminum concentration, the virus removal ratio with PACl-2.7ns was smaller than the ratio with PACl-2.1c at around pH 8, possibly as a result of a reduction of the colloid charge density of the PACl as the basicity was increased from 2.1 to 2.7. Liquid Al-27 NMR analysis revealed that PACl-2.1c contained Al-30 species, which was not the case for PACl-2.1b or PACl-2.7ns. This result suggests that Al-30 species probably played a major role in virus removal during the coagulation process. In summary, PACl-2.1c, which has high colloidal aluminum content, contains Al-30 species, and has a high colloid charge density, removed viruses more efficiently (>4 log(10) for infectious viruses) than the other aluminum-based coagulants-including commercially available PACls (basicity 1.5-1.8), alum, and PACl-2.7ns-over the entire tested pH (6-8) and coagulant dosage (0.54-5.4 mg-Al/L) ranges. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
Type: | article (author version) |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2115/54779 |
Appears in Collections: | 工学院・工学研究院 (Graduate School of Engineering / Faculty of Engineering) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)
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Submitter: 白崎 伸隆
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