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First environmental surveillance for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater and river water in Japan
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| Title: | First environmental surveillance for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater and river water in Japan |
| Authors: | Haramoto, Eiji Browse this author | | Malla, Bikash Browse this author | | Thakali, Ocean Browse this author | | Kitajima, Masaaki Browse this author |
| Keywords: | COVID-19 | | River water | | SARS-CoV-2 | | Wastewater | | Wastewater-based epidemiology |
| Issue Date: | 1-Oct-2020 |
| Publisher: | Elsevier |
| Journal Title: | Science of the total environment |
| Volume: | 737 |
| Start Page: | 140405 |
| Publisher DOI: | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140405 |
| Abstract: | Wastewater-based epidemiology is a powerful tool to understand the actual incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a community because severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiological agent of COVID-19, can be shed in the feces of infected individuals regardless of their symptoms. The present study aimed to assess the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater and river water in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan, using four quantitative and two nested PCR assays. Influent and secondary-treated (before chlorination) wastewater samples and river water samples were collected five times from a wastewater treatment plant and three times from a river, respectively, between March 17 and May 7, 2020. The wastewater and river water samples (200-5000 mL) were processed by using two different methods: the electronegative membrane-vortex (EMV) method and the membrane adsorption-direct RNA extraction method. Based on the observed concentrations of indigenous pepper mild mottle virus RNA, the EMV method was found superior to the membrane adsorption-direct RNA extraction method. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was successfully detected in one of five secondary-treated wastewater samples with a concentration of 2.4 x 10(3) copies/L by N_Sarbeco qPCR assay following the EMV method, with sequence confirmation of the qPCR product, whereas all the influent samples were tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. This result could be attributed to higher limit of detection for influent (4.0 x 10(3)-82 x 10(4) copies L) with a lower filtration volume (200 mL) compared to that for secondary-treated wastewater (1.4 x 10(2)-2.5 x 10(3) copies/L) with a higher filtration volume of 5000 mL. None of the river water samples tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA Comparison with the reported COVID-19 cases in Yamanashi Prefecture showed that SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in the secondary-treated wastewater sample when the cases peaked in the community. This is the first study reporting the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater in Japan. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
| Rights: | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| Type: | article |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2115/79192 |
| Appears in Collections: | 工学院・工学研究院 (Graduate School of Engineering / Faculty of Engineering) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)
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