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STING agonist loaded lipid nanoparticles overcome anti-PD-1 resistance in melanoma lung metastasis via NK cell activation
| Title: | STING agonist loaded lipid nanoparticles overcome anti-PD-1 resistance in melanoma lung metastasis via NK cell activation |
| Authors: | Nakamura, Takashi Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | Sato, Takanori Browse this author | | Endo, Rikito Browse this author | | Sasaki, Shun Browse this author | | Takahashi, Naomichi Browse this author | | Sato, Yusuke Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | Hyodo, Mamoru Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | Hayakawa, Yoshihiro Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | Harashima, Hideyoshi Browse this author →KAKEN DB |
| Keywords: | adjuvants | | pharmaceutic | | immunotherapy | | killer cells | | natural | | melanoma | | drug therapy | | combination |
| Issue Date: | 2-Jul-2021 |
| Publisher: | BMJ Publishing Group |
| Journal Title: | Journal for immunotherapy of cancer |
| Volume: | 9 |
| Issue: | 7 |
| Start Page: | e002852 |
| Publisher DOI: | 10.1136/jitc-2021-002852 |
| Abstract: | Background Resistance to an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) is a major obstacle in cancer immunotherapy. The causes of ICI resistance include major histocompatibility complex (MHC)/histocompatibility locus antigen (HLA) class I loss, neoantigen loss, and incomplete antigen presentation. Elimination by natural killer (NK) cells would be expected to be an effective strategy for the treatment of these ICI-resistant tumors. We previously demonstrated that a lipid nanoparticle containing a stimulator of an interferon gene (STING) agonist (STING-LNP) efficiently induced antitumor activity via the activation of NK cells. Thus, we evaluated the potential of reducing ICI resistance by STING-LNPs. Methods Lung metastasis of a B16-F10 mouse melanoma was used as an anti-programmed cell death 1 (anti-PD-1)-resistant mouse model. The mice were intravenously injected with the STING-LNP and the mechanism responsible for the improvement of anti-PD-1 resistance by the STING-LNPs was analyzed by RT-qPCR and flow cytometry. The dynamics of STING-LNP were also investigated. Results Although anti-PD-1 monotherapy failed to induce an antitumor effect, the combination of the STING-LNP and anti-PD-1 exerted a synergistic antitumor effect. Our results indicate that the STING-LNP treatment significantly increased the expression of CD3, CD4, NK1.1, PD-1 and interferon (IFN)-gamma in lung metastases. This change appears to be initiated by the type I IFN produced by liver macrophages that contain the internalized STING-LNPs, leading to the systemic activation of NK cells that express PD-1. The activated NK cells appeared to produce IFN-gamma, resulting in an increase in the expression of the PD ligand 1 (PD-L1) in cancer cells, thus leading to a synergistic antitumor effect when anti-PD-1 is administered. Conclusions We provide a demonstration to show that a STING-LNP treatment can overcome PD-1 resistance in a B16-F10 lung metastasis model. The mechanism responsible for this indicates that NK cells are activated by stimulating the STING pathway which, in turn, induced the expression of PD-L1 on cancer cells. Based on the findings reported herein, the STING-LNP represents a promising candidate for use in combination therapy with anti-PD-1-resistant tumors. |
| Type: | article |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2115/83019 |
| Appears in Collections: | 薬学研究院 (Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)
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