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Experimental analysis of car-following dynamics and traffic stability
| Title: | Experimental analysis of car-following dynamics and traffic stability |
| Authors: | Ranjitkar, Prakash Browse this author | | Nakatsuji, Takashi Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | Kawamura, Akira Browse this author |
| Keywords: | car following | | GM model | | traffic stability | | differential GPS | | genetic algorithm |
| Issue Date: | 2005 |
| Publisher: | Transportation Research Board |
| Journal Title: | Transportation Research Record |
| Volume: | 1934 |
| Start Page: | 22 |
| End Page: | 32 |
| Abstract: | The study of car-following dynamics is useful for capacity analysis, safety research, and traffic simulation. There is also growing interest in its applications in intelligent transportation systems, such as advanced vehicle control and safety systems and autonomous cruise control systems. A large number of car-following models have been developed in the past five decades. Some of them were investigated and validated against experimental data; nevertheless, the results were not that consistent for some models, e.g., those for the General Motors (GM) model. As a part of the problem, the data acquisition and calibration techniques were not advanced then. The past few decades have seen remarkable advancements in these techniques, e.g., the use of the differential Global Positioning System (GPS) for position measurement, the use of Doppler's principle for speed measurements, and the use of genetic algorithms for optimization. It might be useful to reassess some outstanding issues in car-following dynamics in light of the latest technological advancements. This paper attempts to investigate car-following dynamics on the basis of the real-time kinematic GPS data collected from test track experiments. The GM model was evaluated along with some well-known simulation models, including the Gipps model and the Leutzbach and Wiedemann model. A genetic algorithm-based optimization technique was adapted for calibration. The sensitivities of drivers to their speeds and spacings from the vehicle ahead were found to vary among drivers. The interpersonal variations in model performance were significant. The GM model parameters were identified with improved reliability. The stability of traffic now was analyzed experimentally. |
| Rights: | An edited version of this paper was published in Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 1934, pp. 22-32, (2005).
For more information, contact Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., www.TRB.org. |
| Relation: | http://www.trb.org./ |
| Type: | article (author version) |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2115/8500 |
| Appears in Collections: | 工学院・工学研究院 (Graduate School of Engineering / Faculty of Engineering) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)
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Submitter: 中辻 隆
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