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The detectability and removal efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 in a large-scale septic tank of a COVID-19 quarantine facility in Japan

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Title: The detectability and removal efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 in a large-scale septic tank of a COVID-19 quarantine facility in Japan
Authors: Iwamoto, Ryo Browse this author
Yamaguchi, Kiyoshi Browse this author
Arakawa, Chisato Browse this author
Ando, Hiroki Browse this author
Haramoto, Eiji Browse this author
Setsukinai, Ken-ichi Browse this author
Katayama, Kotoe Browse this author
Yamagishi, Takuya Browse this author
Sorano, Sumire Browse this author
Murakami, Michio Browse this author
Kyuwa, Shigeru Browse this author
Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Browse this author →KAKEN DB
Okabe, Satoshi Browse this author →KAKEN DB
Imoto, Seiya Browse this author
Kitajima, Masaaki Browse this author
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2
Wastewater-based epidemiology
Wastewater treatment
Activated sludge
Quantification method
Issue Date: 25-Nov-2022
Publisher: Elsevier
Journal Title: Science of the total environment
Volume: 849
Start Page: 157869
Publisher DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157869
Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is known to be present in sewage, and wastewater -based epidemiology has attracted much attention. However, the physical partitioning of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater and the removal efficiency of treatment systems require further investigation. This study aimed to investigate the de-tectability and physical partitioning of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater and assess its removal in a large-scale septic tank employing anaerobic, anoxic, and oxic processes in a sequential batch reactor, which was installed in a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) quarantine facility. The amount of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater was determined with polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation followed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and the association of SARS-CoV-2 with wastewater solids was evaluated by the effect of filtration prior to PEG precipitation (pre-filtration). The amount of SARS-CoV-2 RNA detected from pre-filtered samples was substantially lower than that of samples without pre-filtration. These results suggest that most SARS-CoV-2 particles in wastewater are associ-ated with the suspended solids excluded by pre-filtration. The removal efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 in the septic tank was evaluated based on the SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in untreated and treated wastewater, which was determined by the detection method optimized in this study. Escherichia coli and pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) were also quantified to validate the wastewater treatment system's performance. The mean log10 reduction values of SARS-CoV-2, E. coli, and PMMoV were 2.47 (range, 2.25-2.68), 2.81 (range, 2.45-3.18), and 0.66 (range, 0.61-0.70), respec-tively, demonstrating that SARS-CoV-2 removal by the wastewater treatment system was comparable to or better than the removal of fecal indicators. These results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 can be readily removed by the septic tank. This is the first study to determine the removal efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 in a facility-level sequencing batch activated sludge system.
Type: article
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2115/87081
Appears in Collections:工学院・工学研究院 (Graduate School of Engineering / Faculty of Engineering) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)

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