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科学技術コミュニケーション = Japanese Journal of Science Communication >
18号 >

研究成果を記者発表する理由と課題 : 大学院生の視点から

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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:https://doi.org/10.14943/71599

Title: 研究成果を記者発表する理由と課題 : 大学院生の視点から
Other Titles: Reasons and Problems When Research Results are Announced : Graduate Students’Opinions.
Authors: 柳澤, 慧1 Browse this author
高橋, 陸2 Browse this author
中村, 文彦3 Browse this author
住谷, 陽輔4 Browse this author
飯田, 良5 Browse this author
新田, 明央6 Browse this author
倉, 千晴7 Browse this author
戸口, 侑8 Browse this author
小島, 遼人9 Browse this author
藤吉, 隆雄10 Browse this author
Authors(alt): YANAGISAWA, Kei1
TAKAHASHI, Riku2
NAKAMURA, Fumihiko3
SUMIYA, Yosuke4
IIDA, Ryo5
NITTA, Akio6
KURA, Chiharu7
TOGUCHI, Yu8
KOJIMA, Ryoto9
FUJIYOSHI, Takao10
Keywords: Research Results
Information Dissemination
Press Releases
Graduate Students
研究成果
記者発表
プレスリリース
大学院生
Issue Date: Dec-2015
Publisher: 北海道大学高等教育推進機構 高等教育研究部 科学技術コミュニケーション教育研究部門(CoSTEP)
Journal Title: 科学技術コミュニケーション
Journal Title(alt): Japanese Journal of Science Communication
Volume: 18
Start Page: 145
End Page: 154
Abstract: When scientific research results are published and announced for society, the information is disseminated through a form of a press release mostly in the order of researchers to public relations staff to journalists to society. In this study, first-year graduate students delve into the role of researchers, public relations staff and journalists, who are all regarded as professionals involved with the information dissemination, and examine issues and countermeasures from the viewpoint of the students. There are two reasons for putting out press releases that serves as a means to deliver research results to citizens. One is accountability to society since scientific research activities are conducted based on public funding, which stems from taxpayers’money. The second is information sharing with society so that decision-making processes in the so called transknowledge areas, which include issues requiring input from both experts and citizens, can take place by involving informed citizens. Six problems concerning press releases are discussed here. They are wrong understanding of research results, their overemphasis, attention by society to areas other than the research results, discrepancies in their standpoint between researchers and their affiliation, revelation of research misconduct or ethically wrong research conduct, and difference between citizens, journalists and scientists in their attitude toward research outcome. Countermeasures to deal with these problems can be roughly divided into two, which are respective recognition of one’s profession and research ethics education, as well as formation of a feedback channel for such information. After recognizing the differences in the role of three professions involved with a press release, it is important to design a system based on a premise that discrepancies between the norms and realities exist. What is important in designing the system is to anticipate and allow differences in recognition so that a foundation is created to enable specialists to act as a mediator.
記者発表による市民への情報伝達過程では,情報はおおむね研究者,広報担当者,ジャーナリスト,市民の順で伝わる.そこで,記者発表に関与する専門職と考えられる研究者,広報担当者,ジャーナリストの役割を考え,情報伝達過程における課題と解決策を博士後期課程1年次の大学院生の視点から考察した.市民に研究成果を届ける記者発表をする理由は二つある.税金を原資として運営する研究の市民に対する説明と,「トランス−専門知」が関わる領域での社会の意思決定のための情報提供である.ここで記者発表をめぐる課題は六つ挙げられるだろう.研究成果の間違った理解と伝搬,研究成果の強調,社会からの関心の研究成果以外への集中,研究者個人と組織の立場の相反,研究不正や倫理的問題の発覚,そして,市民・ジャーナリスト・科学者の態度の違いである.これらの課題の解決策はおおむね,それぞれの専門職としての役割の認識と倫理教育,情報のフィードバック回路の形成に大別できる.ここから,記者発表に関わる三者の役割の違いを認識したうえで,規範と現実の食い違いは生じるとの前提でシステムの設計をするのが重要である.そして,その設計において大事なことは認識のずれを許容し吸収する仕組みの準備である.そのためには,バッファーとしての役割を担う中間的専門家が活動できる基盤が必要である.
Type: bulletin (article)
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2115/60402
Appears in Collections:科学技術コミュニケーション = Japanese Journal of Science Communication > 18号

Submitter: 『科学技術コミュニケーション』編集委員会

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